MAGPOP Summer School - Budapest, Hungary, 2006. August 23-25
The goal of this Scool is to give a deep insight for students on the current state of art of observation and modelling of galaxies.
Lectures and other resources are available here.
Programme
- Introduction to and methods of ground-based observational astronomy
Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca (3 lectures)- I will provide a general overview of the most common observational techniques used in ground-based observational astronomy. The emphasis will be on the astronomical information that can be obtained with each technique. I will base my explanations on the instruments available to the European astronomical community (e.g., on ESO telescopes). Some of the topics I intend to cover include imaging in the optical and near infrared, single object, multi-object and integral-field spectroscopy, adaptive optics, etcetera.
- I will provide a general overview of the most common observational techniques used in ground-based observational astronomy. The emphasis will be on the astronomical information that can be obtained with each technique. I will base my explanations on the instruments available to the European astronomical community (e.g., on ESO telescopes). Some of the topics I intend to cover include imaging in the optical and near infrared, single object, multi-object and integral-field spectroscopy, adaptive optics, etcetera.
- Intrduction to and methods of space-based observational astronomy
Armando Gil de Paz (3 lectures)- Current space observatories with "Guest Observer" programs: HST, GALEX, Spitzer, Chandra, XMM, Akari, Integral, FUSE
- Proposing and preparing observations for space observatories: Visibility, bright-star & background limitations. Phase II. Tools.
- Making use of space-based data: Analysis tools. Archival data from past and current space missions. Sinergy with ground-based data.
- Future space observatories:Herschel, JWST, WISE
- Introduction to the Virtual Observatory
Tamas Budavari (2 lectures)- We will look at the basic building blocks of the Virtual Observatory and the concept of service-oriented astronomy. The recommendations and standards of the International Virtual Observatory Alliance will be introduced and demonstrated in action.
- We will look at the basic building blocks of the Virtual Observatory and the concept of service-oriented astronomy. The recommendations and standards of the International Virtual Observatory Alliance will be introduced and demonstrated in action.
- Stellar Population synthesis
Sandro Bressan (3 lectures)- Stars
Main sequence, post main sequence and advanced evolution of Low, Intermediate and Massive stars. The HR diagram. - Simple Stellar Populations (SSP)
From evolutionary tracks to isochrones: the Colour-Magnitude diagram. Integrated properties of SSPs: the fuel consumption theorem and the role of the IMF, evolutionary time-scales and luminosity. Colours, spectra and narrow band indices of SSPs. - Galaxies
Spectro-photometric evolution of galaxies: combining together chemical evolution, star formation and SSPs. Early type galaxies.
Late type and star-bursts galaxies : effects of dust.
- Stars
- Galaxy formation and evolution models
Cedric Lacey (4 lectures)- I will describe the basic physical processes which we think are important for understanding galaxy formation and evolution, and give an idea of how they interconnect to determine the properties of galxies which we observe. I will discuss why the different processes are important, what the basic physics is, and give an idea of how these processes are actually implemented in theoretical models (both semi-analytical models and numerical simulations - but with some bias towards the former!).
Assembly of dark matter halos:
Results from N-body simulations. Analytical results from Press-Schechter approach. Merger trees.
Heating & cooling of gas:
Shock-heating during structure formation. Radiative cooling mechanisms. Effects on cooling of photo-ionizing/photo-dissociating backgrounds. Simple estimates of cooling of gas in halos: cooling cutoff, hot vs cold accretion.
Angular momentum and disk sizes:
Tidal torques and angular momentum of halos. Angular momentum of cooling gas. Sizes of galaxy disks.
Star formation:
Simple ideas about star formation. Observational results, Schmidt-Kennicutt law, star formation edges in galaxy disks. Quiescent vs starbursts. Ttypical methods for modelling star formation in simulations & semi-analytical models.
Feedback:
The need for feedback: cooled baryon fraction, galaxy luminoity function. Feedback from reionization of IGM. Supernovae & galaxy winds. Feedback from AGN.
Galaxy mergers and interactions:
Dynamical friction. Morphological effects of galaxy mergers. Eevidence on merger origin of elliptical galaxies. Galaxy merger rates. Gas in galaxy mergers & interactions, triggering of starbursts.
Chemical enrichment:
Metal production by Type I & II supernovae & AGB stars. Inflows & outflows in galaxies, enrichment of stars vs IGM. Effects of chemical enrichment: gas cooling, dust.
Some basic results from galaxy formation models:
Cosmic star formation history. Build-up of stellar mass. Galaxy luminosity function/stellar mass function.
- I will describe the basic physical processes which we think are important for understanding galaxy formation and evolution, and give an idea of how they interconnect to determine the properties of galxies which we observe. I will discuss why the different processes are important, what the basic physics is, and give an idea of how these processes are actually implemented in theoretical models (both semi-analytical models and numerical simulations - but with some bias towards the former!).
- Gabriella de Lucia (1 lecture)
- Construction of "hybrid" models and example applications.
I will first discuss different practical aspects of hybrid semi-analytic models (halo identification, substructures, construction of
merging trees... mass resolution etc...). This will put in a practical framework the lectures from Cedric. I will then discuss applications to specific scientific cases : galaxy clusters and ICM evolution + the formation histories of elliptical galaxies.
- Construction of "hybrid" models and example applications.
- Jeremy Blaizot (1 lecture)
- Using semi-analytics to interpret observations.
I will present the general methodology to interpret observations with semi-analytic models. One part will describe the construction of mock observations and their use for direct comparisons to observations. A second part will be focussed on evolution of galaxy populations in a hierarchical framework. Both parts will be accompanied by scientific examples.
- Using semi-analytics to interpret observations.
- Practical sessions
- Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca and Armando Gil de Paz (3+1 h): Writing telescope time proposals
The idea would be that the students divide in groups of ~4 people, and put together a telescope time proposal (~3 hours), then they explain it to the whole group (~15min each) and we all vote who gets the time. - Tamas Budavari (2h): Virtual Observatory in practice
SCHEDULE
Time WED. Aug23. THU. Aug24. FRI. Aug25. 9:00-9:45 Aragon-Salamanca I. Aragon-Salamanca II. Aragon-Salamanca III. 9:45-10:30 Gil de Paz I. Gil de Paz II. Gil de Paz III. 10:30-11:00 Break Break Break 11:00-11:45 Budavari I. Budavari II. Practice I 11:45-12:30 Bressan I. Bressan III. Practice II 12:30-13:30 Lunch break Lunch break Lunch break 13:30-14:15 Lacey I. Lacey III. Practice III 14:15-15:00 Lacey II. Lacey IV. Practice IV 15:00-15:30 Break Break Break 15:30-16:15 Bressan II. Blaizot Practice V 16:15-17:00 De Lucia Practice VI - Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca and Armando Gil de Paz (3+1 h): Writing telescope time proposals
Workshop site
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Collegium Budapest Institute for Advanced Studies
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